Students will examine key areas of public international law, including the use of force, the right of self-defense, and the legal rules governing the protection of civilians and participants in armed conflicts. The course analyzes real-world cases arising from recent hostilities, including the war in Ukraine. It also explores the work of the International Court of Justice, which adjudicates disputes between states, and the role of the International Criminal Court, which prosecutes individuals for war crimes, aggression, genocide, and crimes against humanity. Additional topics include diplomatic privileges and immunities, the recognition of states and governments, and the structure and functions of the United Nations.