This course provides a comprehensive introduction to radar sounding techniques used to probe subsurface structures on Earth, ice  sheets, and planetary bodies.
Students will learn how electromagnetic waves interact with different materials, how to design and interpret radar sounding experiments, and how to process and analyze radar data. The course bridges engineering fundamentals with Earth and planetary science applications, preparing students to work with data from sounding radar instruments onboard planetary missions (e.g. SHARAD, MARSIS, REASON, etc.), Earth-orbiting and planetary altimeters (e.g. ICESat-2, Magellan), and airborne ice-penetrating radar systems. The goals of this class are to: (1) develop a solid understanding of electromagnetic wave propagation and radar system principles, (2) gain hands-on experience with radar data processing and interpretation techniques, (3) understand how radar sounding reveals subsurface structure in ice sheets, planetary surfaces, and terrestrial environments, and (4) critically evaluate radar sounding studies in the scientific literature and design radar investigations for specific scientific questions.

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Quantitative lab course investigating the mechanisms driving mesoscale meteorological phenomena including mid-latitude thunderstorms, cold air damming events, lake effect precipitation, and tropical cyclones.

Introduction to climate and catastrophe risk modeling, covering extreme value theory, compound hazards, uncertainty quantification, and hazard-to-loss modeling for decision-relevant applications.

Examine principal methodologies utilized by geologists to interpret geologic time, in order to analyze the chronological sequence and interrelationships of major geological events in Earth?s history.

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